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พจนานุกรมการเทรด

คือกลยุทธ์การเทรดประเภทหนึ่งที่เทรดเดอร์ใช้คำศัพท์เฉพาะ นิยาม และความหมายที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า เพื่อช่วยในการตัดสินใจด้วยข้อมูล โดยมักอ้างอิงคำศัพท์ในวงการการเงิน ตัวเลข และเครื่องมือวิเคราะห์ต่างๆ เพื่อวิเคราะห์ตลาดและวางกลยุทธ์ได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้น

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L

Liquidity provider

A market participant that provides liquidity by offering to buy and sell financial instruments.

Liquidity Trap

A liquidity trap is a situation in which monetary policy becomes much less effective at stimulating the economy because interest rates are already at or near their effective lower bound. Normally a central bank fights a downturn by cutting rates to encourage borrowing and spending, but when rates are at or near zero and confidence is weak, people and businesses may prefer to hold liquid assets rather than increase spending or investment, even as borrowing becomes cheaper.

Extra liquidity pumped into the system may have a limited effect on stimulating spending and investment. The idea comes from Keynesian economics and became a live concern again after 2008, when several major economies found their policy rates constrained by the lower bound. It is one of the main reasons central banks turned to unconventional tools like quantitative easing.

Example: Japan spent much of the period after its 1990s asset-bubble collapse in something close to a liquidity trap, with interest rates pinned near zero for years yet spending and inflation stubbornly weak, amid weak demand and other economic challenges, rather than cash hoarding alone.

Litecoin (LTC)

Litecoin, ticker LTC, is one of the oldest cryptocurrencies, launched in 2011 by Charlie Lee, a former Google engineer. It was created as a lighter, faster counterpart to Bitcoin, and its long-running nickname, silver to Bitcoin’s gold, captures the intent nicely. Technically it is closely modelled on Bitcoin but with some deliberate tweaks: blocks are produced roughly every two and a half minutes rather than ten, so transactions can confirm faster, and it originally used a different mining algorithm, Scrypt, intended to be friendlier to ordinary hardware.

Over the years Litecoin has often served as a testing ground for features later adopted by Bitcoin itself. It remains a well-known, relatively liquid coin, with liquidity varying by venue and market conditions, even without the dominance of the largest names.

Example: A trader wanting to move value between exchanges may use Litecoin as a transfer vehicle, sending funds that can receive an initial confirmation within a few minutes under suitable network conditions, then converts back into the asset they want to hold. Transfer times, fees and exchange processing times can vary.

Lithium

Lithium is a light metal that has become one of the most strategically important commodities of the energy transition, because it is a key ingredient in the rechargeable batteries that power electric vehicles, phones, and grid storage. Sometimes called white gold, its demand has been supported by the shift to electric cars, and its price has been correspondingly volatile, spiking when supply struggles to keep pace and slumping when new production and softer demand catch up.

Unlike long-established metals such as copper, lithium historically traded through private contracts rather than on open exchanges, though futures markets have since developed to let participants hedge and speculate more directly.

Example: A commodities trader watching the electric-vehicle boom takes a position anticipating that lithium demand will outrun new mine supply, then has to weather a sharp price slump when a wave of fresh production from Australia and South America comes online faster than the market expected, a reminder of how cyclical even a growth story can be.

Lithuanian Litai (LTL)

The litas, plural litai, was the national currency of Lithuania before it joined the euro, and it carried the ISO code LTL. Reintroduced in 1993 as the country rebuilt its economy after regaining independence from the Soviet Union, the litas was later pegged to the euro in the run-up to membership of the single currency.

Lithuania made the switch on the first of January 2015, the last of the three Baltic states to adopt the euro, and the litas was retired at a fixed conversion rate. It is therefore a historical currency now, encountered mainly in discussions of the region’s economic transition rather than in any live market.

Example: A business that operated in Lithuania before 2015 kept its books in litai right up to the changeover, then converted its balances into euros at the official fixed rate. After the changeover, the litas could no longer be spent

Lock limit

A price limit beyond which trading is not allowed for a product, typically exercised in the futures market.

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