سلب مسئولیت: CFD ها ابزارهای پیچیده ای هستند و با ریسک بالایی در از دست دادن سریع پول به دلیل اهرم همراه هستند.
باید در نظر بگیرید که آیا می دانید CFD ها چگونه کار می کنند و آیا می توانید ریسک بالای از دست دادن پول خود را بپذیرید یا خیر.
وب معامله گر MT5
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Gap
A gap occurs when the price moves up or down from the previous day’s closing price, and the chart records no trading activity during the gap. When news comes out before or after trading hours, gaps can form, and they are often large enough to force the market to reprice heavily at the open.
They can warn of a strong trend move or can provide the opportunity for a retracement trade if the market retraces and fills the void. The trader can identify gap types – breakaway, runaway, and exhaustion – which may help them assess the implications of the gap for the next price action.
Example: A company reports blowout earnings after the close. The following morning, its stock opens 12% higher, leaving a clean gap on the daily chart. Momentum traders may buy at the open and look for continuation. A contrarian trader is watching eagerly to see if the gap is filled or left as the day continues – gaps can sometimes retrace towards their previous levels when the initial excitement subsides, but there is no guarantee that a gap will be filled.
Gap Risk
The risk of a sudden price movement that occurs when the market opens after a weekend or holiday.
Gap/gapping
A gap is a price movement so large that the market opens much higher or much lower than the previous day’s closing price, with little or no trading at the intervening prices. Gaps are market repricings that can occur when news emerges outside trading hours (a company’s earnings report, a central bank announcement, or a geopolitical event).
They can sometimes indicate strong market momentum, or, on rare occasions, be filled back in when the price retraces to fill the gap.
Example: A pharmaceutical company releases a disappointing result from its major drug trial after the trading day’s close. The following morning, the stock opens down by 35%, and the chart shows a huge gap. There was no chance for anyone who held the stock overnight to be able to exit anywhere near the preceding close; by the time the market opened, the stock was already trading at a substantially lower price.
Some active traders may reduce or close positions ahead of significant binary events because gap risk is one factor they consider.
Gas
In a blockchain network such as Ethereum, gas is a measure of the computational effort required to perform a particular operation, such as executing a smart contract. Each transaction on the Ethereum network requires a certain amount of gas depending on the operations involved, which is paid in ether by the user. Simple transactions, such as sending ETH between wallets, generally require less gas than more complex transactions.
Complex use of smart contracts – using a decentralized exchange to swap tokens, minting an NFT, joining a DeFi protocol – consumes much more. The purpose of gas is to deter network abuse and to compensate validators for processing transactions and securing the network.
Example: A user wishes to trade with tokens on a decentralized exchange when the network is busy. They click on the wallet and realize that a $1.80 gas fee will be required for a $200 transaction. They decide the gas fee is too high relative to the amount of the trade and wait 2 hours because the network is congested. When network congestion is reduced, gas fees may be lower, although the actual fee depends on network conditions and the transaction’s gas requirements.
Gas Limit
The gas limit is the maximum amount of gas that a user allows a transaction to consume for a transaction or interaction with a smart contract on a blockchain network, such as Ethereum. If it is set too low, the transaction will revert with a “Out of Gas” error; the gas used before the transaction runs out is still charged, while the state changes from the transaction are reverted.
If the full gas limit is not used, unused gas will be refunded, so setting it too high does not mean the unused portion is charged. The gas limit is generally estimated automatically by wallets, but if you are dealing with a complex contract where gas usage may be less predictable, you can change the gas limit manually.
Example: A developer deploys a complex smart contract, and the gas limit is set based on their understanding. Midway through execution, the contract enters an unexpected loop that consumes more gas than it should and exceeds the gas limit before finishing. The transaction fails and is reverted – but the gas spent up to that point is gone. The developer reads the contract code, adjusts the gas limit and contract logic as needed, and resubmits. The second attempt passes successfully.
Gas Price
Gas price is the amount of cryptocurrency paid in a blockchain network for each unit of gas used by a transaction. It is denominated in gwei, a sub-unit of ether on the Ethereum network, and serves as one factor in determining the priority of transactions for block space. When the network is congested, and many transactions are competing to be included in the next block, transactions offering higher priority fees may be prioritized by validators.
If a price is too low, some transactions may wait longer to be confirmed. EIP-1559 was introduced in 2021 to reform the Ethereum fee structure, introducing an automatic base fee that adjusts based on network congestion—which is permanently burned—alongside an optional priority fee (or tip) to incentivize validators to process transactions and include transactions in blocks.
Example: In 2021, Ethereum gas prices often hit hundreds of gwei during the NFT-minting frenzy, as numerous users tried to conduct transactions simultaneously. The user wished to mint an NFT for 0.08 ETH but was charged nearly the same amount in gas fees to complete the transaction, making the transaction significantly more expensive during peak congestion.
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