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Glossário de Trading

O glossário de trading refere-se a um tipo de estratégia de negociação onde os traders utilizam um conjunto predefinido de termos, definições ou conceitos para tomar decisões informadas. Ele frequentemente envolve jargões específicos do setor, métricas financeiras e ferramentas analíticas para navegar nos mercados de forma eficaz.

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Position Trading

Position trading is the patient end of the spectrum, holding trades for weeks, months, or even years to capture big, long-term moves. A position trader ignores the day-to-day noise that consumes day traders and scalpers, focusing instead on the major trend and the fundamentals or big-picture technicals driving it.

Fewer trades, wider stops, and a long time horizon are the hallmarks, and the aim is to sit through the wobbles and let a large move play out.

Example: A position trader who believes that a multi-year bull market in gold is underway buys and holds, riding the trend through months of ups and downs without reacting to every pullback. Where a day trader might be in and out a dozen times before lunch, she may make only a handful of trades a year, aiming to benefit from longer-term market movements while recognising that her outlook may be wrong and losses can occur.

Positive Interest Rate Policy (PIRP)

Positive interest rate policy, PIRP, is just the ordinary state of affairs given an unusual name, a central bank keeping its key rate above zero, the way monetary policy worked for most of history. The label only exists as a contrast to the strange experiments of recent years: zero interest rate policy, ZIRP, and negative interest rate policy, NIRP, when rates were pinned at or below zero.

Under PIRP, savers may earn interest on deposits, although their real return depends on inflation, and the central bank has some room to cut rates when trouble hits.

Example: After years of rock-bottom rates, a central bank lifts its policy rate well above zero to fight inflation, returning to a positive interest rate policy. Savers may earn more interest on deposits again, and the central bank has more scope to cut rates than when they were near zero, although the extent of that scope depends on economic conditions and the level of rates.

Pre-market trading

The 1.5 hours prior to market open, when investors and traders rigorously observe market movements and sentiment.

Premining

Premining is when the creators of a cryptocurrency mine or allocate a chunk of the coins to themselves before the project opens to the public. Done openly, it can be a legitimate way to fund development, reward the founding team, or seed an ecosystem, depending on the project’s terms and how the allocation is managed.

When the allocation is not clearly disclosed, it can raise concerns about transparency

Example: A new coin launches having premined twenty percent of its total supply for the founders and early backers. If that allocation is disclosed upfront and locked up for a period, investors may view it as an acceptable funding arrangement; but if buyers later discover a large, secret premine and the founders start selling into the market, confidence may fall, because hidden premining can raise concerns about insider advantages and potential conflicts of interest.

Presale

A presale is an early chance to buy a cryptocurrency or token before it lists publicly, usually at a discount, and usually reserved for the earliest or best-connected backers. Projects run presales to raise money for development and to build a base of committed holders before launch, offering cheaper prices as a reward for taking on the extra risk of getting in first.

That risk is real: the token may never launch, or may crash the moment it does.

Example: A crypto startup opens a presale offering its token at a fraction of the planned public listing price, and eager buyers pile in hoping to flip for a quick profit when trading begins. Sometimes it works and early buyers double their money on day one; however, profits are not guaranteed, the hype fizzles, the token lists below the presale price, and the discount that looked like a bargain turns out differently

Price action

Price action is the study of a market’s movements themselves, the raw dance of price on the chart, with little or no reliance on indicators. A price-action trader reads bare candlesticks, support and resistance, trends, and patterns, using price behaviour as a primary source of information rather than relying on indicators derived from it.

It is trading stripped back to its essentials.

Example: A price-action trader pulls up a clean chart with no moving averages or oscillators, just the candles, and watches how the price behaves at a key support level. When she sees buyers repeatedly defend that level and a strong bullish candle form there, she interprets it as a possible bullish signal and goes long, recognising that the pattern may fail and losses are possible.

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