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Woordenlijst voor trading

Glossary trade verwijst naar een type handelsstrategie waarbij traders een vooraf gedefinieerde reeks termen, definities of concepten gebruiken om geïnformeerde beslissingen te maken. Het betreft vaak bedrijfstakspecifiek jargon, financiële statistieken en analytische tools om effectief te navigeren in markten.

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Heikin-Ashi

A charting method that alters the traditional candlestick calculations to produce a smoother and more visually readable price action by averaging data over sessions. Heikin Ashi candles differ from regular candlesticks in that the open, high, low and close for each Heikin Ashi candle are calculated from the data of both the current and previous sessions.

The result is a noise-filtered trend that visually makes it obvious when a trend is up (consecutive bullish candles with minimal lower wicks) or down (consecutive bearish candles with minimal upper wicks). It’s just as easy to identify consolidation periods, when colors change and bodies contract.

The trade-off: Heikin-Ashi prices are averages, not real market prices. Traders can’t use them for entry or stop placement actual price levels have to be cross-referenced against the raw candlestick chart.

Example: A trend following trader uses Heikin Ashi charts to identify which markets are in clean persistent trends and which are in choppy consolidation. A commodity displaying twelve consecutive bullish Heikin Ashi candles with no lower wicks is identified as a high-quality trend candidate. Heikin Ashi gives the trend diagnosis and the raw price data gives the trade mechanics. Entry and stop levels are taken from the standard candlestick chart.

High-frequency trading (HFT)

A type of trading that uses powerful computers and algorithms to execute trades at very high speeds, often in milliseconds or less.

High-Quality Liquid Assets (HQLA)

Assets accepted by banks to meet the Basel III Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) that are readily convertible to cash with little or no loss of value. The LCR requires banks to have sufficient HQLA to withstand a 30-day period of significant liquidity stress enabling each major bank to meet its funding needs in a 30-day funding crisis without central bank support.

HQLAs are tiered. Level 1 assets which are reserves of central banks, sovereign bonds with zero or low risk weight are valued at the full value. Level 2A and 2B assets are subject to haircuts and constitute a small proportion of the overall buffer.

The LCR has a direct impact on the composition of bank balance sheets, whereby banks are incentivized to hold higher proportions of government securities than less liquid assets.

Example: To meet the LCR, a bank builds its HQLA buffer by purchasing domestic government bonds and depositing excess cash as reserves at the central bank, both of which are classified as Level 1 HQLA with zero haircut. Regardless of the quality of credit, corporate loans have no HQLA value. The requirement has a direct impact on the asset allocation of the bank, making it a structural marginal buyer of sovereign debt.

Historical pricing

The record of buying and selling prices of a product, aiding analysts and investors in assessing its potential performance.

Historical volatility

A measure of the variability of a security’s price over a specific period of time, based on past price movements.

HK50/HKHI

Shorthand text used by common brokers and platforms to identify the Hang Seng Index (HSI), Hong Kong’s main equity index. There are approximately 50 companies in the index, so its symbol is HK50, and its Reuters instrument code is similar to the HKHI. Both labels are used for the same underlying: the futures contract for the Hang Seng Index or a CFD based upon it.

The index covers Hong Kong Stock Exchange’s top and most active entities in the property, consumer, technology and financial services industries. Its weight in Chinese technology and financial companies makes HK50/HKHI very sensitive to Chinese regulatory developments, geopolitical sentiment in U.S.-China relations, and the mainland economy.

The greatest amount of trading occurs in Hong Kong trading hours. Large gap risk can be found when the market is closed during large China or global macro events.

Example: A trader who is bullish on technology has opted to trade the Chinese technology sector via the HK50 CFD rather than individual stocks listed in Hong Kong. The HK50 gaps up at the open when China says it’s supportive of tech. The tech weighting in the index means that one tech policy change equals a measurable change in the hands of the long side.

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