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Woordenlijst voor trading

Glossary trade verwijst naar een type handelsstrategie waarbij traders een vooraf gedefinieerde reeks termen, definities of concepten gebruiken om geïnformeerde beslissingen te maken. Het betreft vaak bedrijfstakspecifiek jargon, financiële statistieken en analytische tools om effectief te navigeren in markten.

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Hang Seng

The Hong Kong Stock Exchange’s most widely used share index, which includes the most important and most liquid companies in Hong Kong’s financial services, technology, consumer goods and property sectors. The index is indicative of Hong Kong’s position as a world financial center and a bridgehead for the Chinese mainland economy.

The Hang Seng is very sensitive to Chinese economic data, policy moves, property-related news and developments from the United States and China, all of which can trigger steep intraday swings when the news flow is significant. International investors face the most indirect currency risks because the index is denominated in Hong Kong dollars and tied to the USD.

The Hang Seng is also the foundation for most of the CFD instruments trading on most of the global platforms, including the HK50/HKHI.

Example: Chinese regulators announce an investigation into several technology companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Hang Seng is taking a big hit at the open, weighed down by the tech sector. A global fund manager with index-level exposure to the Hang Seng is taking a hit even if he doesn’t have a stance on Chinese regulatory risks, as the index’s construction itself reflects the risks of Chinese regulation.

Hanging Man

A single-candle bearish reversal pattern that is structurally similar to the hammer, with a small body at the top of a range, long lower wick, and little or no upper wick. The difference is context: A hammer forms after a downtrend and indicates an uptrend is possible, whereas a hanging man forms after an uptrend and indicates a downtrend may be possible.

The interpretation: During the session, sellers pushed prices a considerable distance below the open, followed by buyers closing the session at the open level. During an uptrend, intraday selling is a warning that supply is starting to emerge to challenge the bullish trend. That supply will either be overwhelming to the subsequent demand or not, which is the answer to the next session.

Confirmation is critical. One hanging man is not enough. The signal is valid only when the next session closes below the hanging man’s body.

Example: An equity index that has been in a multi-month rally forms a hanging man candle close to a previous all-time high. The session opens again on heavy volume, closing under the hanging man’s body. Technical traders consider this two-session pattern a confirmation of a potential reversal, to reduce the size of their long trades or to initiate new shorts, and the hanging man’s high is the natural stop level to keep off any new short trade.

Hanging Man Candlestick

A bearish indicator that signals strong selling pressure, initially pushing the price up but closing near the low.

Harami

A reversal pattern seen in candlestick charting that appears when two candles form a reversal pattern. The first candle is large, continuing the existing trend. The second is much smaller, and its entire body fits inside the body of the first harami translates to “pregnant” in Japanese, the smaller candle being the child in the larger candle.

A bullish harami is formed in a downtrend: a big bearish candle is followed by a small bullish candle in the previous bar. A bearish harami occurs when a large bullish candle is followed by a small bearish candle in an uptrend. In both instances, the small secondary candle indicates a sudden halt in the trend’s momentum.

Reliability is moderate. Confirmation from the subsequent session is required prior to action. A harami candlestick with high volume on the first candlestick at a major level of support or resistance is more significant when used alone.

Example: A stock with a strong downtrend has a large bearish candle that is followed by a narrow range bull candle the body fits completely in the previous session. In the next session, the trader observes the price action closing above the harami pattern, confirming the reversal, and then a long entry is suggested with a stop just under the low of the first candle to clearly show the risk.

Harami Cross

A variation of the harami pattern that occurs when the second candle is a doji (a day in which the open and close prices are the same) instead of a small-bodied candle. The doji’s inability to move in either direction after the large range candle also strengthens the harami cross as a reversal indicator, since the market action is unable to break either way after the large trend candle, which is a strong exhaustion of trend momentum.

When a bullish harami cross forms in a downtrend, it’s a large bearish candle with a contained doji. A bearish harami cross is formed in an uptrend: A large strong bullish candle followed by a small doji. Both have to be confirmed by the next session before the reversal signal is followed.

The pattern tells you where the momentum has stalled and then the price action will show you if the reversal is going to follow through or not.

Example: When the equity markets are in a long bull run, a big bull market session is followed by a doji that is completely contained within the previous bull market candle. This is a complete indecision pattern (after a directional trading session) that indicates a lack of conviction at the top. The next session’s direction and close will determine if the harami cross reversal is confirmed and if so, positions are adjusted accordingly.

Hard Cap

The total supply of tokens or coins that can be created in a particular network is hard-coded into the network’s protocol. When the hard cap is reached, the supply will not be able to be increased anymore, it is not a policy that can be changed at will but it is a rule of the protocol and will need some changes to the protocol code.

The most commonly referenced is the 21 million cap on Bitcoin. The finite and predictable supply is intended as a design feature the hard cap shields the asset from inflationary supply growth typical of government currencies.

Hard caps are distinguished from inflationary designs, which have an unlimited number of supplies or supply additions at a scheduled time. Investors regard hard caps as hard cap aspects of tokenomics analysis. A fixed hard cap with increased demand is an obvious supply-demand bull case if the demand thesis is true.

Example: An investor interested in comparing two blockchain projects observes that one of them has a hard cap of 100 million tokens and the other has no supply cap. The investor believes it will be easier to predict the value of the capped project because there is a fixed amount of scarcity, whereas the uncapped project’s value assumes demand growth will always exceed the amount of new scarcity over the project’s life.

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