면책 고지: CFD는 복잡한 금융상품으로, 레버리지로 인해 빠르게 손실이 발생할 수 있는 높은 위험을 수반합니다.
CFD의 작동 방식을 이해하고 있는지, 그리고 자금 손실의 높은 위험을 감당할 수 있는지 신중히 고려하시기 바랍니다.
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Basing
A chart pattern. After a downtrend or a sharp drop, price stops falling and starts trading sideways in a range. This is basing. The thing being constructed is a “base,” from which (the theory goes) the next move higher will eventually launch.
Bases come in many shapes. Flat bases are simply rectangles. Cup-and-handle bases curve along the bottom and form a small dip on the right side before the breakout. Rounded bottoms are gentler U-shapes that take months to develop. The good ones share two features: time (long enough that previous holders have given up or distributed) and tightening price action (smaller daily ranges, falling volatility).
Momentum traders, particularly those who trade growth stocks, watch bases obsessively. The bet is that breakouts from well-formed long bases are the highest-quality long entries on the chart. The risk is that not every base breaks out. Some just become deeper bases.
Example: Nvidia spent most of 2015 and early 2016 trading between roughly $20 and $25, building what chartists later identified as a multi-quarter base. The breakout above $25 in mid-2016 marked the start of the rally that, with corrections, took the stock through $1,000 and beyond.
Basis point
A unit of measurement for interest rates and bond yields, equal to 0.01%.
Basket
A group of securities or assets that are traded together.
Bear
Someone who thinks prices are going down. The opposite of a bull. Where the term comes from is debated, but the most popular story is that bears push down with their paws when they attack, while bulls toss upward with their horns. Whether the etymology is real or invented after the fact, it’s stuck.
A bear can be a person (“the firm’s chief strategist is bearish on tech”), a position (“I’m short, I’m bearish here”), or a market environment (“we entered a bear market in late 2021”). Same word, different scopes.
Worth distinguishing structural bears from cyclical ones. A cyclical bear thinks the next six months are going to be ugly but the long-run case is intact. A structural bear thinks the entire premise is wrong: the company is going bust, the country is in decline, the bubble was a bubble. The two trade very differently. Cyclical bears use options and short-dated shorts. Structural bears patiently build positions and wait for years.
Example: Michael Burry, made famous by The Big Short, was a structural bear on US mortgage-backed securities from 2005 onward. He held the position through years of mark-to-market losses while the bubble kept inflating, and was ultimately vindicated when the housing market collapsed in 2007–08.
Bear Flag
A continuation pattern in a downtrend. The chart drops sharply (the “flagpole”), then trades sideways or slightly upward in a tight range (the “flag”), and then resumes falling. Technical traders read the flag as a pause where short-sellers take profits and weak hands try to call a bottom, before the dominant trend reasserts itself.
The shape matters. A textbook bear flag has a clean, steep flagpole, a short consolidation that slopes gently against the prevailing trend (so, slightly upward in a downtrend), and falling volume during the consolidation. Volume should pick up again on the breakdown out of the flag.
Bear flags fail more often than they work, which is true of most chart patterns honestly examined. But when they do work, they work fast, the implied move out of the flag is usually about the same length as the flagpole that preceded it. That’s the rule of thumb traders use to set targets.
Example: Bitcoin in mid-2022 traced a textbook bear flag. After dropping from around $40,000 to $30,000 in May, it consolidated between $28,000 and $32,000 for several weeks, then broke down in June toward $20,000. The breakdown’s magnitude roughly matched the prior flagpole, which is the pattern’s classic completion.
Bear market
A prolonged period of declining prices, typically marked by a 20% or more drop from recent highs, also referred to as “bearish”.
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