سلب مسئولیت: CFD ها ابزارهای پیچیده ای هستند و با ریسک بالایی در از دست دادن سریع پول به دلیل اهرم همراه هستند.
باید در نظر بگیرید که آیا می دانید CFD ها چگونه کار می کنند و آیا می توانید ریسک بالای از دست دادن پول خود را بپذیرید یا خیر.
وب معامله گر MT5
E
Earnings reports
Financial statements released by corporations quarterly or annually.
East Caribbean Dollar (XCD)
The shared currency of eight Eastern Caribbean states. Pegged to the US dollar at 2.70 XCD per USD since 1976, one of the longest-running pegs anywhere on the planet. Issued by the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank in Saint Kitts. The members: Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, plus Anguilla and Montserrat as British territories. Eight small islands sharing one currency makes more sense than eight tiny separate ones, which is the whole point. They pool reserves, share central-banking infrastructure, and import US monetary credibility along with the peg. Example: A 270 XCD bar tab in Saint Lucia? Hand over a hundred-dollar bill. Done. The 2.70:1 ratio is so embedded that nobody calculates anything.
ECB
The European Central Bank. Frankfurt. Built in 1998 to run monetary policy for the soon-to-launch euro, and now responsible for setting rates across 21 member states. The mandate is price stability, defined as 2% inflation over the medium term, the “medium term” doing a lot of work in that sentence. The Governing Council meets eight times a year. Decisions come from the six-person Executive Board plus the governors of all eurozone national central banks, which means a country like Malta has the same single vote as Germany. The ECB’s toolkit has expanded enormously since 2010, asset purchases, TLTROs, negative deposit rates, forward guidance, the whole post-crisis arsenal. Example: Mario Draghi’s “whatever it takes” speech in July 2012 didn’t announce any specific programme. He just said it. Italian and Spanish bond yields collapsed within weeks. That’s the most powerful sentence ever spoken at a press conference, and the ECB built a programme to back it up only after the words had already done the work.
ECDSA
Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm. The cryptographic method that lets you prove you own a private key without showing anyone the key. Bitcoin uses it on a curve called secp256k1. So does Ethereum. The math runs on points along an elliptic curve, which is a sentence that means something to mathematicians and almost nothing to everyone else, and that’s fine, most developers interact with ECDSA through library functions and never crack open the underlying number theory. The reason it won: efficiency. A 256-bit ECDSA key gives you roughly the same security as a 3,072-bit RSA key. Smaller signatures, faster verification, comparable strength. Example: Every time anyone moves Bitcoin, the transaction includes an ECDSA signature proving the sender controls the private key for the source address. The network verifies the signature against the public key without ever seeing the private key. That single property is what makes self-custody possible. Without it, you’d need a trusted intermediary.
ECN
Electronic Communication Network. A trading venue that matches buyer and seller orders directly, no dealer in the middle taking a markup. ECNs reshaped US equity markets in the 1990s and then conquered FX, where the absence of a central exchange made the model especially valuable. EBS and Refinitiv Matching are the dominant FX ECNs. Retail FX brokers love advertising “ECN execution” because it sounds professional, but the term has been diluted, many brokers calling themselves ECN are actually internalising client orders against their own books, with maybe some pass-through to real liquidity providers. The original meaning is stricter: pure order-book matching, anonymous, price-time priority. Example: A hedge fund placing a EUR/USD order on a real ECN sees the same book as the major banks. Best bid is 1.0852 from Bank A, next-best is 1.0851 from Bank B. The fund’s market sell hits 1.0852 first. No spread markup. No dealer discretion. Just the book.
Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)
The framework binding EU member states that use the euro. Three stages, all completed: free movement of capital, economic policy convergence, and finally a single currency under a single central bank. The political tension at EMU’s heart never went away, though, and 2010 made it visible. Monetary policy is centralised at the ECB. Fiscal policy is national. Twenty-one different governments, twenty-one different debt trajectories, one interest rate. When that arrangement is fine, it’s fine. When it isn’t, Greece, Italy, the eurozone debt crisis, the contradictions become structural. Example: Bulgaria joined EMU on 1 January 2026, becoming its 21st full member. Lev retired at 1.95583 per euro, the same central rate it held under ERM II since 2020. The conversion was technically straightforward; the politics took two decades.
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