Haftungsausschluss: CFDs sind komplexe Instrumente und bergen aufgrund der Hebelwirkung ein hohes Risiko, schnell Geld zu verlieren.
Sie sollten sich überlegen, ob Sie die Funktionsweise von CFDs verstehen und ob Sie es sich leisten können, das hohe Risiko einzugehen, Ihr Geld zu verlieren.
Web Trader MT5
C
Client
An entity for which a broker, dealer, or financial institution trades. Most market activity is organized around the client relationship: one side is the clients with investment objectives, and the other is the intermediaries who give them access, execute, and provide advice.
The clients include individual retail investors and the world’s largest sovereign wealth funds. The classification is important because there are significant differences in regulatory requirements based on client type. Best execution, suitability principles, and product restrictions are the most important protections afforded to retail clients in frameworks such as MiFID II. A lighter touch is given to professional clients. Eligible counterparties (large institutions) deal essentially as equals with no suitability obligations.
The client-broker relationship is not limited to simply executing a trade. Prime brokerage clients are offered financing, stock-leasing for short positions, and consolidated reporting. Wealth management clients receive ongoing portfolio management. Dedicated sales coverage, research, and new issue allocations may be available to institutional clients.
There are rules on client money segregation because, historically, brokers have failed to segregate client money, and clients’ assets must be safeguarded from insolvency proceedings.
Example: A hedge fund tells its prime broker to borrow 500,000 shares to short them. The prime broker obtains the securities from its lending program, charges a borrowing fee, and holds the fund’s cash collateral in a segregated account separate from the firm’s capital.
Closed position
An order that has been sold or closed out.
Closing
Exiting a current position. If you’re long, closing means selling. If you’re short, closing means buying back. It is the act of closing out your market exposure, not necessarily at the end of the trading day, although it is often used in that context as well.
When you close a position, you realize your profit or loss. The gain or loss is unrealised until you sell, it is only on paper, moves with the market, and can be reversed. The moment you close it, it’s sealed. That psychological shift from unrealised to realised is one of the more difficult aspects of trading. Many people hold on to losers too long, precisely because closing them converts a theoretical loss into a real one.
In futures and options, closing has a specific technical meaning as well. You close by taking the opposite position in the same contract, which nets to zero. You do not deliver or take delivery of the underlying; you simply cancel the obligation.
Example: If a trader buys 500 shares of Infosys at ₹1,400 and it goes up to ₹1,580. The trader sells all 500 shares in the market to close the position. The ₹180 per share floating gain is now realised and reflected in cash. The position is gone. It was the right view. The trade is over.
Closing market price
The closing market price is the latest price that an asset was traded in the overall market.
Closing price
The price of a security at its last trade in a regular trading session. It is the number that appears in end-of-day financial data, forms the close of the last candle on a candlestick chart, and serves as the reference point for next-day gap analysis, portfolio valuations and index rebalancing calculations.
On some exchanges, and especially large ones, the closing price is not simply the last trade of the day. The London Stock Exchange and Nasdaq both have special closing auctions in the last minutes of the session, during which orders pile up and a single clearing price is determined. This smoothes out thin late-day trading and reduces the potential for price manipulation of the official close.
The closing price matters disproportionately to many market participants. Options are cashed on it. From this, mutual funds value their NAVs. It is used for margin call calculations. Index providers use it for end-of-day weights. It’s amazing how much follow-on activity one closing print can create.
Example: On August 7, 2018, the day Elon Musk tweeted about taking Tesla private at $420, the stock closed at exactly $420. Conspiracy theories aside, that day’s closing price became Exhibit A in the SEC’s subsequent investigation. That one number had months of legal ramification
Cloud Mining
A method for buying mining power from outside the company instead of owning and running the mining machine directly. Customers pay a percentage of the provider’s space in the network and receive a percentage of the rewards.
It’s clear why this is appealing: They don’t need to pay for hardware, manage electricity, or hear or feel any noise or heat, and they aren’t responsible for technical upkeep. Cloud mining firms manage large-scale industrial mining operations and lease capacity to retail customers seeking exposure to mining economics without the hassle.
The issues are also clearly described. It’s possible that margins are slim since the provider retains a cut before passing rewards. Mining contracts can also have fixed costs, and the mining revenues can fluctuate, depending on the price of the underlying cryptocurrency or the difficulty of mining. Cloud miners have been found to be scams and lack the infrastructure to provide cloud mining services. While there are legit providers with audited proof-of-hash rate, the damage done to the reputational sector from exit scams is very real and enduring.
Example: An investor enters a one-year cloud mining deal with a trustworthy miner for a specified amount of hash power and pays a monthly fee. The price of bitcoin moves up, and the contract makes a profit. A colleague signs up with another operator, only to get paid for two months, only for the website to go down and the operator to disappear with the subscription fee.
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