Zastrzeżenie: Kontrakty CFD są złożonymi instrumentami i wiążą się z wysokim ryzykiem szybkiej utraty pieniędzy z powodu dźwigni.
Powinieneś rozważyć, czy rozumiesz, jak działają kontrakty CFD i czy możesz sobie pozwolić na wysokie ryzyko utraty pieniędzy.
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Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs)
Tariffs are the obvious way to block imports. Non-tariff barriers are all the other ways. NTBs are the rules, quotas, licences, standards, and red tape that governments use to restrict foreign goods without slapping on an explicit tax, and they can be just as effective at keeping competitors out. They come in many guises: import quotas, tangled customs procedures, strict product or safety standards that may make compliance more difficult for foreign suppliers, subsidies for local firms, and outright licensing requirements. Because they are subtler than tariffs, they are harder to measure and much harder to negotiate away. Example: A country that wants to shield its farmers without openly breaking free-trade promises might impose elaborate health and labelling requirements on imported food, requirements that foreign producers struggle to meet; no tariff ever appears on the books, yet the effect may be to limit imports and protect the domestic market from competition.
Nonce
A nonce is a number used once, a throwaway value that plays a starring role in cryptocurrency mining. On a proof-of-work blockchain like Bitcoin’s, miners are trying to find a hash for the next block that falls below a certain target, and the only part of the block they can freely change to alter that hash is the nonce. So they run through nonce after nonce, billions of guesses a second, hashing the block each time until one finally produces a result that meets the target. Example: A Bitcoin miner’s machine takes the data for a candidate block and tries a nonce, hashes it, checks whether the result is small enough, and if not, bumps the nonce up and tries again, over and over at staggering speed; the lucky miner whose nonce first yields a valid hash wins the block and its reward, which is why mining is essentially an industrial-scale guessing game dressed up in cryptography.
Nonfarm payroll (NFP)
A monthly report published by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics that provides information on employment levels in the non-farm sector of the economy.
Nonfarm Productivity
Nonfarm productivity measures how much output the US economy squeezes out of each hour of work, outside the farm sector. Released quarterly, it is worked out by dividing the goods and services produced by the hours it took to make them, and it is one of the most important numbers in economics over the long run, because rising productivity can help living standards climb without stoking inflation. It also feeds directly into unit labour costs, a figure the Federal Reserve watches for signs of inflation pressure. Example: If nonfarm productivity is rising briskly, workers are producing more per hour, which means companies may be able to pay higher wages without raising prices, an outcome the Fed loves; but if productivity stalls while wages keep climbing, unit labour costs may rise, and policymakers start worrying those higher costs will be passed on to consumers as inflation. That is why a dull-sounding productivity report can quietly shape the debate over interest rates.
Noob Trap (informal trading term)
A noob trap is exactly what it sounds like, a mistake that catches out beginners, noob being slang for a novice. In trading, the term describes the classic errors that lure the inexperienced: chasing a price that has already rocketed, revenge-trading to recover a loss, over-leveraging on a sure thing, or falling for a hyped tip. These traps are seductive precisely because they feel like obvious opportunities, which is what makes them so effective at leading to losses for inexperienced traders. Example: A rookie trader sees a coin that has already tripled in a day and buys in, terrified of missing out, walking straight into the classic noob trap of chasing a parabolic move; the price reverses almost the moment he is in, potentially resulting in a loss as experienced traders take profits and latecomers buy near the top.
Norges Bank
Norges Bank is Norway’s central bank, and it wears two very different hats. Like any central bank, it sets interest rates and guards the stability of the krone and the financial system. But it also manages one of the largest pools of money on the planet, Norway’s sovereign wealth fund, built from the country’s oil and gas riches and worth well over a trillion dollars, which owns a slice of thousands of companies worldwide. That dual role gives it outsized weight for such a small country. Example: When Norges Bank raises or cuts its policy rate, currency traders may respond by trading the krone, just as they would for any central bank; but the world also watches the bank in its other guise, as steward of a gigantic fund whose buying and selling of global stocks and bonds can influence financial markets.
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