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Słownik pojęć Forex i giełdowych - od A do Z

Słownik handlu odnosi się do rodzaju strategii handlowej, w której inwestorzy korzystają z wcześniej określonego zestawu terminów, definicji lub koncepcji w celu podejmowania świadomych decyzji. Często wykorzystuje żargon branżowy, wskaźniki finansowe i narzędzia analityczne umożliwiające skuteczne poruszanie się po rynkach.

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Israeli New Shekel (ILS)

The Israeli new shekel is Israel’s official currency. It uses the symbol ₪ and is divided into 100 agorot. The word “new” distinguishes it from an earlier shekel that was replaced in 1985 after a period of very high inflation. Local prices may use the abbreviation NIS, while international banking systems usually use ILS. At the time of the change, 1,000 old shekels became one new shekel. Removing the zeros made prices and accounting easier to manage, but it did not create extra purchasing power for people holding the currency.

Ivey Purchasing Managers Index

The Ivey Purchasing Managers Index measures monthly changes in purchasing activity across the Canadian economy. Its survey includes organisations from both the private and public sectors. Purchasing managers report whether the dollar value of their purchases increased, stayed unchanged, or decreased from the previous month. A result above 50 means more respondents reported an increase than a decline. The report also includes employment, inventories, supplier deliveries, and prices. Both adjusted and unadjusted figures may be published, so the exact label should be checked before comparing one result with another.

J Curve theory

The idea that a country’s trade balance will initially worsen after a currency devaluation before improving in the long run.

Jamaican Dollar (JMD)

JMD is the international code for the Jamaican Dollar, Jamaica’s official currency. It replaced the Jamaican pound in 1969 and is divided into 100 cents. Local prices often use J$ to separate it from other currencies also called dollars. This distinction is particularly useful in tourism, where some hotels, restaurants, and shops may display prices in both Jamaican and US dollars. A bill marked J$2,000 normally means two thousand Jamaican dollars unless USD is clearly stated. Banknotes and coins are used for everyday payments, although the smallest denominations have become less useful as prices have risen over time.

Janet Yellen

Janet Yellen is an American economist who has led several major US economic institutions. She chaired the Federal Reserve from 2014 to 2018, becoming the first woman to lead the US central bank. From 2021 to 2025, she served as US Treasury Secretary and was also the first woman to hold that position. Earlier, she chaired the Council of Economic Advisers and led the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. Her work has focused heavily on employment, wages, inflation, and financial stability. Older reports may describe her as Fed Chair or Treasury Secretary, depending on the stage of her career being discussed.

Japanese Economy Watchers Survey

The Japanese Economy Watchers Survey is a monthly report on how people close to everyday business activity view Japan’s economy. Participants include shop managers, restaurant workers, taxi drivers, and others whose jobs give them regular contact with customers. They assess current conditions and what they expect over the next few months. Their answers are converted into diffusion indices. A reading above 50 generally indicates that positive assessments are stronger than negative ones, while a result below 50 points to weaker sentiment. The report also publishes written comments that can reveal concerns about prices, wages, tourism, weather, and consumer spending.

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