Penafian: CFD adalah instrumen yang kompleks dan memiliki risiko tinggi kehilangan uang dengan cepat karena leverage.
Anda harus mempertimbangkan apakah Anda memahami cara kerja CFD dan apakah Anda mampu mengambil risiko tinggi kehilangan uang Anda.
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Isle of Man Pound (IMP)
The Isle of Man issues its own pound notes and coins. One Manx pound has the same value as one British pound sterling. British currency is widely accepted on the island, but Manx notes may not be accepted by shops or banks in the United Kingdom. IMP is commonly used as a practical currency label, although GBP is the official ISO code used in many international systems. The arrangement gives the island its own banknote designs without creating a freely moving exchange rate against sterling.
ISM manufacturing index
The ISM Manufacturing Index usually means the headline Manufacturing PMI released each month in the United States. It is based on responses from purchasing and supply managers. The calculation combines new orders, production, employment, supplier deliveries, and inventories. A reading above 50 generally means manufacturing activity increased from the previous month. A result below 50 points to a decline. A reading of 55 does not mean factories produced 55% more. It means the balance of survey responses showed wider improvement after the ISM calculation was applied.
ISM Manufacturing Survey (PMI)
The ISM Manufacturing Survey is the full monthly report behind the headline Manufacturing PMI. Purchasing and supply executives answer whether new orders, production, employment, inventories, prices, exports, and other conditions improved, stayed unchanged, or weakened. ISM converts those answers into separate diffusion indices. Five of them are combined into the headline PMI. The supporting sections explain why the main result moved. Manufacturing may be expanding overall while employment falls, supplier delays improve, or input prices rise. The full survey therefore provides more detail than the headline number alone.
ISM non-manufacturing index
The ISM Non-Manufacturing Index is the former name of what is now called the ISM Services PMI. The old term still appears on historical charts and some economic calendars. It covered industries outside traditional manufacturing, including finance, retail, transport, construction, and professional services. The dividing line is 50. Readings above it normally indicate that activity increased, while readings below it point to a decline. ISM changed the name in 2020 to describe the services economy more clearly. The old and new labels refer to the same survey series rather than two unrelated indicators.
ISM Services PMI
The ISM Services PMI measures monthly changes across a large part of the US economy outside manufacturing. The headline result combines business activity, new orders, employment, and supplier deliveries. A reading above 50 generally shows that services activity increased from the previous month. Below 50 points to a decline. The report also covers prices, inventories, imports, exports, and comments from different industries. It was previously known as the ISM Non-Manufacturing Index. The newer name reflects the survey’s focus more clearly, but the history belongs to the same series.
ISO 4217
ISO 4217 is the international standard that creates currency codes such as USD, EUR, JPY, and AED. It assigns three-letter alphabetic codes and three-digit numeric codes to currencies and certain financial units. The first two letters usually relate to the country, while the third often comes from the currency name. USD combines US with D for dollar. The standard also records whether a currency divides into 100, 1,000, or another number of smaller units. These shared codes make international payments and financial records easier to read.
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