Penafian: CFD adalah instrumen yang kompleks dan memiliki risiko tinggi kehilangan uang dengan cepat karena leverage.
Anda harus mempertimbangkan apakah Anda memahami cara kerja CFD dan apakah Anda mampu mengambil risiko tinggi kehilangan uang Anda.
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Hash Per Second
A Unit of measure for the speed of a mining device or network hashing work. It is measured in multiples of kilohashes (kH/s), megahashes (MH/s), gigahashes (GH/s), terahashes (TH/s), petahashes (PH/s), and exahashes (EH/s) per second. The total hash rate of the Bitcoin network is measured in exahashes, which are billions of billions of calculations per second.
The more hashes a miner can generate per second, the more likely they are to find the winning nonce that produces a valid block hash below the current network target. It serves as the baseline for mining hardware comparisons and overall network security.
Newer generations of ASICs produce significantly higher hash rates at a lower energy consumption, making hash-per-joule efficiency as important as raw speed for mining profitability.
Example: A miner comparing two ASICs sees that Model A is providing 100 TH/s at 3,000 watts and Model B is providing 150 TH/s at 3,500 watts. Model B produces more hashes in absolute terms, but the relevant metric for long-term profitability is the hash-per-joule ratio: that ratio determines the electricity cost per unit of mining output and thus the margin at any given coin price.
Hash Rate
The combined computational power of all miners on a Proof of Work blockchain. Measured in hashes per second. The main indicator of network security for Bitcoin is the hash rate: the higher it is, the more expensive and in fact impossible it is to make a 51% attack, seize control of more than half of the computing power of the network.
During profitable mining, more miners deploy hardware to earn block rewards and increase the hash rate. When rewards are reduced or energy costs increase relative to coin prices, the hash rate decreases. The prolonged declines suggest that miners are capitulating by turning off their rigs at a loss.
Hash rate data is tracked as a proxy for miner sentiment. A rising hash rate suggests confidence in future profitability. A falling hash rate may precede the selling of coin reserves to cover operating costs by miners.
Example: Bitcoin network hash rate falls sharply as big price drop pushes marginal miners offline. The remaining miners get a proportionally larger share of block rewards. The network difficulty adjusts downward at the next epoch, which reduces the amount of computation required per block making mining profitable again for surviving miners, and showing the protocol’s self-correcting equilibrium mechanism operating exactly as intended.
Hawk/hawkish
A hawkish central banker, analyst, or policymaker is one who is more concerned with the inflation floor than growth and employment and thus prefers higher rates and tighter monetary policy, willing to trade some slow growth for price stability. Doves are on the other side: more interested in employment, less sensitive to lower rates.
There are degrees of Hawkishness. A modestly hawkish statement conveys caution and readiness to act, but not immediately. If the central bank pivots in an aggressively hawkish direction, in a few moments you could see the bond, the currency and the equity markets repricing, all at once, in a way that is different from what they had expected.
Some market participants monitor individual central bankers and gauge their preferences as hawks or doves to figure out which way they are going to vote, and how a committee’s makeup will affect the policy signal.
Example: In a speech, the Federal Reserve Chair hints at higher inflation numbers and that further rate hikes are possible. The markets see it as hawkish, as the Treasury yields, the dollar’s strength against the major currencies, and equity indices’ drops in value are all following the same shift in communication, not a policy change.
Head and shoulders
A bearish reversal pattern that forms when a stock’s price rises to a peak and then falls, followed by a second rise to a higher peak, and then falls again.
Head fake
A false signal that leads traders to believe that a particular trend is emerging in the market.
Hedge
Hedging is a risk management strategy that involves adjusting asset positions to minimise potential losses from price fluctuations, often using futures contracts, options, or other financial instruments.
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