Descargo de responsabilidad: Los CFD son instrumentos complejos y conllevan un alto riesgo de perder dinero rápidamente debido al apalancamiento.
Debe considerar si comprende cómo funcionan los CFDs y si puede permitirse el lujo de correr el alto riesgo de perder su dinero.
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Gamma Squeeze
A gamma squeeze occurs when prices surge in quick succession and are potentially reinforced by the mechanics of options market-maker hedging. It starts with buying a large number of call options with short expiration dates for a particular stock. Those calls are “delta-hedged” by the market makers who sold them; when they are “in-the-money,” the market makers may need to buy more of the underlying stock.
That purchasing can drive the price up; more hedging can push prices higher still. The feedback loop can give rise to impulsive, explosive, and short-lived moves that may appear unrelated to any basic development.
Example: In January 2021, the GameStop saga had both a gamma squeeze and a short squeeze. Market makers may have been driven to buy the stock to hedge as many retail traders entered short-dated call options. Their buying may have contributed to the price explosion, attracting additional options buyers and prompting additional hedging. The price surge was influenced by several factors, including options-related hedging and increased investor participation. It cannot be attributed solely to the company’s fundamentals or to the options market structure.
Gann Fan
A Gann Fan is a technical analysis chart that uses diagonal lines plotted at geometric angles from a price high or low, with traders looking for significant price action occurring at those levels. The central line has been named the 1×1 angle – 45 degrees – and was considered by Gann to be one of the most important lines in a chart; it’s a representation of the relationship between time and price.
Other lines are drawn at angles of 1×2, 1×4, 2×1, 4×1, etc., indicating varying amounts of price movement within a given time period. These lines are used by some traders as potential dynamic support and resistance levels, with the idea that markets may find turning points when price meets these lines of action and moves along them.
Example: A trader draws a Gann Fan from a big market bottom. Prices move higher over the next few weeks, reaching the overhead level of the 1×1 balance line, where they briefly give way. Once the price has successfully broken out above the 1×1 area and held, the trader views the 1×1 line as the new support floor, and watches the steeper 2×1 line as the next overhead objective where the market may experience its next substantial reaction.
Gann Grid
A Gann Grid is a way of superimposing a collection of 45-degree diagonal lines in both directions (up and down) on a price chart, creating a grid pattern and splitting it into equal geometric pieces. The grid is based on W.D. Gann’s theory that price and time are in geometric harmony, meaning traders using the method look for intersections that may correspond with key support and resistance levels and potential turning points.
The grid spacing is constant; the analyst must select a suitable magnification on the chart; if it is too tiny or too large, the geometric relationships may become difficult to interpret.
Example: A trader with technical experience applies a Gann Grid to a commodity chart anchored on a key historical low. Some high and low prices are very close to the intersection of the price and the grid’s diagonal lines. When the price moves to the opposite grid intersection during the pullback, the trader considers it a potential support level but does not rely on it alone; instead, it is used alongside other more typical technical indicators in the analysis.
Gap
A gap occurs when the price moves up or down from the previous day’s closing price, and the chart records no trading activity during the gap. When news comes out before or after trading hours, gaps can form, and they are often large enough to force the market to reprice heavily at the open.
They can warn of a strong trend move or can provide the opportunity for a retracement trade if the market retraces and fills the void. The trader can identify gap types – breakaway, runaway, and exhaustion – which may help them assess the implications of the gap for the next price action.
Example: A company reports blowout earnings after the close. The following morning, its stock opens 12% higher, leaving a clean gap on the daily chart. Momentum traders may buy at the open and look for continuation. A contrarian trader is watching eagerly to see if the gap is filled or left as the day continues – gaps can sometimes retrace towards their previous levels when the initial excitement subsides, but there is no guarantee that a gap will be filled.
Gap Risk
The risk of a sudden price movement that occurs when the market opens after a weekend or holiday.
Gap/gapping
A gap is a price movement so large that the market opens much higher or much lower than the previous day’s closing price, with little or no trading at the intervening prices. Gaps are market repricings that can occur when news emerges outside trading hours (a company’s earnings report, a central bank announcement, or a geopolitical event).
They can sometimes indicate strong market momentum, or, on rare occasions, be filled back in when the price retraces to fill the gap.
Example: A pharmaceutical company releases a disappointing result from its major drug trial after the trading day’s close. The following morning, the stock opens down by 35%, and the chart shows a huge gap. There was no chance for anyone who held the stock overnight to be able to exit anywhere near the preceding close; by the time the market opened, the stock was already trading at a substantially lower price.
Some active traders may reduce or close positions ahead of significant binary events because gap risk is one factor they consider.
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